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Power surge protectors can be divided into
Switching power supply surge protector
Its working principle is that it presents a high impedance when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, but once it responds to lightning instantaneous overvoltage, its impedance suddenly changes to a low value, allowing lightning current to pass through. Devices used as such devices include: discharge gaps, gas discharge tubes, thyristors, etc.
Voltage-limiting power surge protector
Its working principle is that it is high impedance when there is no instantaneous overvoltage, but its impedance will continue to decrease with the increase of surge current and voltage, and its current-voltage characteristics are strongly nonlinear. The devices used as such devices include: zinc oxide, varistors, suppression diodes, avalanche diodes and other lightning arresters are mostly voltage-limiting types.
Shunt type or choke type power surge protector
Shunt type: connected in parallel with the protected equipment, it presents low impedance to lightning pulses and high impedance to normal operating frequency.
Choke type: connected in series with the protected equipment, it presents high impedance to lightning pulses and low impedance to normal operating frequency.
Devices used as such devices include: choke coils, high-pass filters, low-pass filters, 1/4 wavelength circuit breakers, etc.
