Basic requirements for lightning protection design

The basic principles of lightning protection design refer to some basic principles and requirements that should be followed when carrying out lightning protection work of buildings or equipment. These principles and requirements are mainly aimed at lightning hazards in buildings or equipment. By taking a series of effective measures to reduce the possibility of lightning strikes, reduce the harm caused by lightning, protect personnel and equipment need to comply with the relevant principles and requirements. The following author will elaborate on this issue.

1.Take design principles into account

In lightning protection design, it is necessary to consider various factors, including the physical characteristics of the building, the geographical environment, the use of the building and the equipment that needs to be protected. When determining lightning protection measures and facilities, they should be fully consistent with the entire design scheme of buildings and equipment to ensure comprehensive, reasonable, economic and practical.

2.Principles of building structure

The structure of the building is one of the most critical factors in the active prevention and control of lightning hazards. Therefore, in the lightning protection design, most measures are for the structure of the building to adjust and improve, so that the structure is more solid, more resistant to lightning impact. In addition, measures such as lightning protection grounding nets need to be adopted so that lightning can be safely discharged underground.

3.Principles of grounding systems

The grounding system of a building is used to connect the electric charge inside the building to the ground, so its design and implementation are very important. The design and construction of the lightning protection grounding system must comply with the relevant provisions of the State, and should be carried out by professionals to ensure the correctness and safety of the design and construction. In addition, the grounding system must be kept clean and maintained frequently to prevent the grounding resistance from being too large or too small, resulting in the accumulation or loss of lightning.

4.Select appropriate lightning protection equipment and materials

External lightning protection measures are one of the most important measures to prevent lightning current from invading the building, so when choosing lightning protection equipment and materials, it should be selected according to the specific situation of the building. For example, oxygen resistant copper wire can be used for ground wires in buildings; Devices such as lightning pins and lightning belts can be used on the roofs and columns of buildings, and other lightning protection devices and materials can be applied to the exterior and interior of buildings to prevent lightning from intruding into devices such as distributed control systems and computers.

5.Maintain and manage principles

Lightning protection devices and grounding systems are one of the most effective means of protecting buildings and equipment from lightning hazards, so after lightning protection design, it is necessary to carry out long-term maintenance and management of these facilities to ensure their normal operation. During maintenance and management, you must regularly check and test the grounding resistance and the performance of lightning protection devices, and recover and replace failed devices and materials in a timely manner. In addition, crops, etc. need to be regularly pruned to ensure the accuracy of the lightning protection needle.

When carrying out lightning protection design, the following points should also be noted:

1). Building materials such as plexiglass that have many electrical charging traces and electrostatic capacity are not allowed to be placed inside the building.

2). In the interior of the building, when there are high potential and high voltage energy instruments, lightning protection facilities should try to use modern lightning protection measures such as protection circuits.

3). For open buildings, such as large equipment such as lifting units, we should add lightning protection pins to their outer layers, which helps prevent electric shock from the outside.

4). Comply with building lightning protection codes as much as possible to ensure that the measures and materials used meet national standards, and fully ensure the safety and reliability of buildings and equipment.

To sum up, the basic principles of lightning protection design are the norms and standards strictly observed during lightning protection work, which can fully guarantee the safety, reliability and economy of buildings and equipment, so as to effectively reduce the risk of lightning hazards and ensure the safety and normal operation of personnel and equipment